Edgeselenated graphene nanoplatelets as durable metalfree. In this study, graphene annealingfree znonp hybrid materials were developed for inverted osc by successfully integrating znonp on the hydrophobic surface of graphene, thus aiming to enhance the applicability of graphene as a transparent electrode in flexible osc systems. In general, tcos for use as thinfilm electrodes in solar cells should have a minimum carrier concentration on the order of 10 20 cm. Flexible organic solar cells with doped graphene electrodes on a plastic substrate retained a power conversion efficiency of 2. Materials free fulltext biomassderived nitrogendoped. Nitrogendoped graphene frameworks ngfs with a large specific surface area 1149 m 2 g.
Hno3 doping via sandwich transfer, and moox thermal doping via bridge transfer. Lead halide perovskite solar cells pscs with a structure of glassftotio 2 ch 3 nh 3 pbi 3 with singlewalled carbon nanotubes swnt as the transparent top electrodes, followed by polymethyl methacrylate pmma overcoating were fabricated. Pss layer and a donoracceptor blend layer commonly composed of p3ht or fullerenes or both. While indium tin oxide ito is the most widely used, alternatives include widerspectrum transparent conductive oxides tcos, conductive. While organic solar cells have been promising an inexpensive way to exploit solar. Highly efficient metalfree sulfurdoped and nitrogen and sulfur dualdoped reduced graphene oxide counter electrodes for dyesensitized solar cells qiang luo, feng hao, shenghan wang, heping shen, lihong zhao, jianbao li, michael gratzel, and hong lin. Published 23 november 2010 iop publishing ltd nanotechnology, volume 21, number 50. Flexible organic solar cells over 15% efficiency with polyimideintegrated graphene electrodes author links open overlay panel donghwan koo 1 sungwoo jung 1 jihyung seo 1 gyujeong jeong 1 yunseong choi 1 junghyun lee 1 sang myeon lee 1 yongjoon cho 1 mingyu jeong 1 jungho lee 1 jiyeon oh 1 changduk yang 1 hyesung park 1 2. Consequently, graphene seems to be a suitable candidate as a conductive electrode in devices such as organic lightemitting diode 187, solar cells 188 189190, and an electronic device. Ultrathin organic solar cells with graphene doped by ferroelectric polarization keumok kim, sanghoon bae, chee tat toh, hobeom kim, jeong ho cho, dongmok whang, taewoo lee, barbaros ozyilmaz, and jonghyun ahn acs appl.
Among multiple choices of ftes, poly3,4ethylenedioxythiophene. Two key problems have slowed the wholesale adoption of graphene electrodes. However, the performance of the pscs based on sno2 is still hard to compete with the tio2based devices. Aside from the two electrodes, traditional organic solar cells contain an active pedot. The carbon nanotubes were p doped by two new methods. Economical ptfree catalysts for counter electrodes of dye. A simple yet effective method for substantially boosting the conductivity of these conducting. Highly flexible, highperformance perovskite solar cells. The first problem is depositing the graphene electrodes onto the solar cell. Graphene is transparent, so that electrodes made from it can be applied to the transparent organic solar cells without blocking any of the incoming light.
Here, expensive metal top electrodes were replaced with highperformance, easytotransfer, aerosolsynthesized carbon nanotubes to produce transparent organic solar cells. Nondoped and unsorted singlewalled carbon nanotubes as. Graphenebased transparent electrodes for hybrid solar cells. Dopant gives graphene solar cells highest efficiency yet. There are numerous recent reports highlighting promising results with graphene based electrodes, in particular for organic electronic applications. This approach yielded a thermally stable graphene electrode with a low sheet resistance of 83. Doped and textured graphene as electrode for organic solar. Green and economic transparent conductive graphene. Pdf doped graphene electrodes for organic solar cells.
Jul 17, 2017 aside from the two electrodes, traditional organic solar cells comprise of an active pedot. Here, we report biomassderived, nitrogendoped carbon aerogel as an effective alternative to conventional platinum. Transparent, flexible solar cells combine organic materials. Ndoped graphene nanoplatelets as superior metalfree counter. The journal of physical chemistry c 2014, 118 30, 1701017018. Graphene transparent conductive electrodes doped with. Herein, a novel strategy is designed to enhance the photovoltaic performance and longterm stability of pscs by integrating rareearth ions ln3. Although znoa ntype oxide semiconductorcan lead to ntype doping of the graphene film, direct coating of zno on graphene is found to have a destructive effect and therefore yields a high sheet.
Graphene oxide nanocomposites for potential wearable solar. Hyesung park 1, jill a rowehl 2, ki kang kim 1, vladimir bulovic 1 and jing kong 1. A new flexible, transparent solar cell developed at mit brings that future one step closer. In addition, a graphene electrode can be just 1 nanometer thick a fraction as thick as an ito electrode and a far better match for the thin organic solar cell itself. Highly efficient metal free sulfur doped and nitrogen and sulfur dual doped reduced graphene oxide counter electrodes for dyesensitized solar cells. Overall, the transparent solar cells had an efficiency of around 50% that of nontransparent metalbased solar cells 7. Facile synthesis of nitrogendoped graphene frameworks for. Graphene electrodes could replace indium tin oxide for lower. We demonstrate that solutionprocessed graphene thin films can serve as transparent conductive anodes for organic photovoltaic cells.
Nitrogendoped grapheneplatinum counter electrodes for. A simple yet effective method for substantially boosting the conductivity of. Whereas a conventional inverted perovskite solar cells using indium tin oxide showed a power conversion efficiency of 17. Large area graphene films were produced by chemical vapor deposition on copper foils and transferred onto glass as transparent electrodes. The devices also show good air stability, indicating that multilayer graphene is a promising environmental barrier. Transparent carbon electrodes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene were used as the bottom electrode in flexible inverted perovskite solar cells. Aug 16, 2016 overall, the transparent solar cells had an efficiency of around 50% that of nontransparent metalbased solar cells 7. Currently, the power conversion efficiency pce of oscs has reached around 10% for both tandem and nontandem architectures, demonstrating that oscs are promising as solar energy harvesters 4,5. The swntbased pscs do not require expensive metal electrodes and holetransporting materials yet produce a decent power conversion. Three classes carbides, nitrides and oxides of nanoscaled earlytransitionmetal catalysts have been proposed to replace the expensive pt catalyst as counter electrodes ces in dyesensitized solar cells dscs.
Kauppinen, namgyu park, yutaka matsuo, shigeo maruyama. Free flexible organic solar cells with graphene top. Metalelectrodefree windowlike organic solar cells with pdoped. Currently, the application of polycrystalline graphene films grown by chemical vapor deposition is limited for their low electrical conductivity due to the poor transfer technique. The sheet resistance of the multilayer graphene films decreased by half after doping while maintaining similar transmittance, thereby enhancing the performance of the solar cells with doped graphene electrodes. Pss layer has been replaced by graphene derivatives and are generally used as holetransport layers in organic solar cells. They are an important component in a number of electronic devices including liquidcrystal displays, oleds, touchscreens and photovoltaics. Tin oxide sno2, as electron transport material to substitute titanium oxide tio2 in perovskite solar cells pscs, has aroused wide interests. Transparent conductive electrode tce is a main building block in organic solar cell in determining the device performance. Highly flexible, highperformance perovskite solar cells with. Jun 15, 2017 imagine a future in which solar cells are all around uson windows and walls, cell phones, laptops, and more. Request pdf doped and textured graphene as electrode for organic solar cells organic semiconductor solar cells are a promising route to scalable, economically viable, energy conversion.
Of these catalysts, cr3c2, crn, vcn, vn, tic, ticn, tin, and v2o3 all showed excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of i3 to i in the electrolyte. A promising approach for making solar cells that are inexpensive, lightweight and flexible is to use organic that is, carboncontaining compounds instead of expensive, highly purified silicon. New market trend for organic solar cell osc require lightweight, cost effective, environmentally friendly and flexible. Organic semiconductor solar cells are a promising route to scalable, economically viable, energy conversion technologies due to the potential for development of lowcost, flexible, largearea cells and modules. Graphene and carbonnanotubebased transparent electrodes. Graphene for electrodes in organic solar cells could. The hybrid solar cell devices consist of solutionprocessed poly 3,4ethlenedioxythiophene.
Here, we report biomassderived, nitrogen doped carbon aerogel as an effective alternative to conventional platinum. Graphene for electrodes in organic solar cells could reduce costs. The shortcircuit current and fill factor of these devices on graphene are lower than those of control device on indium tin oxide due to the higher sheet resistance of the graphene films. However, no opv containing a graphene electrode has outperformed indium tin. A substantial amount of attention has been paid to the development of transparent electrodes based on graphene and carbon nanotubes cnts, owing to their exceptional characteristics, such as mechanical and chemical stability, high carrier mobility, high optical transmittance, and high conductivity. Metalelectrode free windowlike organic solar cells with p doped carbon nanotube thinfilm electrodes il jeon1, clement delacou2, antti kaskela3, esko i. Highly efficient counter electrodes ces for dyesensitized solar cells dsscs were developed using thin films of scalable and highquality, nitrogendoped graphene nanoplatelets ngnp, which was synthesized by a simple twostep reaction sequence. Metalelectrode free windowlike organic solar cells with p doped. Ultrathin organic solar cells with graphene doped by. Highperformance and hysteresisfree perovskite solar. The graphene electrodes were deposited on quartz substrates by spin coating of an aqueous dispersion of functionalized graphene, followed by a reduction process to reduce the sheet resistance. Doped graphene electrodes for organic solar cells iopscience.
Aside from the two electrodes, traditional organic solar cells comprise of an active pedot. May 21, 2012 graphenebased schottky junction solar cells. Hno 3 doping via sandwich transfer, and moo x thermal doping via bridge transfer. Jan 06, 2011 graphene is transparent, so that electrodes made from it can be applied to the transparent organic solar cells without blocking any of the incoming light. Doped graphene electrodes for organic solar cells hyesung park, jill a rowehl, ki kang kim et al. Small molecular weight organic solar cells can be directly deposited on such graphene anodes.
Dye sensitized solar cells have emerged as an attractive alternative to conventional solar cells due to their easy processing and the abundance and low cost of their materials. Fabrication of flexible transparent electrodes ftes is one of the core technologies in the field of flexible electronics. An analysis of how to use graphene as an electrode for such solar cells was published on dec. Graphene electrodes would match flexibility, transparency and low cost needed for organic solar cells. In this work, we developed a new method of preparing trilayer graphene films. Jun 20, 2014 there are numerous recent reports highlighting promising results with graphene based electrodes, in particular for organic electronic applications such as organic photovoltaic cells and organic. Transparent conducting films tcfs are thin films of optically transparent and electrically conductive material. Metalelectrodefree windowlike organic solar cells with p. The resultant ngnp was deposited on fluorine doped sno2 ftoglass substrates by using electrospray espray coating, and their. Pss layer has been replaced by graphene derivatives and are commonly used as holetransport layers in organic solar cells. Graphene quantum dots enhance the powerconversion efficiency of organic solar cells to 3.
Doped graphene electrodes for organic solar cells hyesung park 1, jill a rowehl2,kikangkim1, vladimir bulovic and jing kong1 1 department of electrical engineering and computer sciences, massachusetts institute of technology, cambridge, ma 029, usa 2 department of materials science and engineering, massachusetts institute of technology. In addition, it is flexible, like the organic solar cells themselves, so it could be part of installations that require the panel to follow the contours of a structure, such as a patterned roof. Organic solar cells with solutionprocessed graphene. The resultant ngnp was deposited on fluorinedoped sno2 ftoglass substrates by using electrospray espray coating, and their. The graphenebased transparent and conductive films were demonstrated to be costeffective electrodes working in organicinorganic hybrid schottky solar cells. Organic solar cells using cvdgrown graphene electrodes hobeom kim, sanghoon bae, taehee han et al. However, lowcost, highperformance, and environmental friendly solar cells with allcu nw electrodes have not been realized until now. Green and economic transparent conductive graphene electrode. Transparent electrodes based on copper nanowires cu nws have attracted significant attention owing to their advantages including high optical transmittance, good conductivity, and excellent mechanical flexibility. Pss has shown its promising application in rolltoroll manufacturing. Edgeselenated graphene nanoplatelets as durable metal. Small molecular weight organic solar cells can be directly deposited. Doped graphene electrodes for organic solar cells article pdf available in nanotechnology 2150.
Organic solar cells oscs have attracted much attention compared with other types of solar cell owing to their low cost, high efficiency, and diverse applications 1,2,3. Imagine a future in which solar cells are all around uson windows and walls, cell phones, laptops, and more. However, the counter electrode in these cells employs platinum which significantly impacts their cost. Carbon nanotubes versus graphene as flexible transparent. With the usage of two transparent electrodes, organic solar cells are semitransparent and may be combined to parallelconnected multijunction devices or used for innovative applications like powergenerating windows. A promising approach for making solar cells that are inexpensive, lightweight and flexible is to use organic that is, carboncontaining compounds instead of.
Graphene electrodes could replace indium tin oxide for. Pss layer and a donoracceptor blend layer commonly containing p 3 ht or fullerenes or both. Dsscs based on specific nanoplatelets designated ngnp5 display superior photovoltaic performance power conversion efficiency, 10. The carbon nanotubes were pdoped by two new methods. Graphene nanoplatelets doped with n at its edges as metal. The device combines lowcost organic carboncontaining materials with electrodes of graphene, a flexible, transparent material made from inexpensive, abundant carbon sources. The ngfs can be utilized as an excellent counter electrode in hole transport material htmfree perovskite solar cells pscs, achieving. Indium tin oxide ito is widely used as transparent conductive material however it has major drawbacks due to relatively expensive, brittle and it. Semitransparent polymer solar cells with allcopper. The application of graphene as electrodes in electrical and optical devices gunho jo, minhyeok choe, sangchul lee et al. Ndoped graphene nanoplatelets as superior metalfree. Figure 5 a presents a schematic view of semitransparent organic solar cells with allgraphene electrodes comprising twolayer stacked graphene.
Highly efficient counter electrodes ces for dyesensitized solar cells dsscs were developed using thin films of scalable and highquality, nitrogen doped graphene nanoplatelets ngnp, which was synthesized by a simple twostep reaction sequence. Jan 06, 2011 graphene electrodes would match flexibility, transparency and low cost needed for organic solar cells. The devices also show good air stability, indicating that multilayer graphene is a promising environmental barrier that can protect the organic solar cells from air. Doped and textured graphene as electrode for organic solar cells. Apr 25, 2019 fabrication of flexible transparent electrodes ftes is one of the core technologies in the field of flexible electronics.
Metalelectrodefree windowlike organic solar cells with. Graphene quantum dots make the doped graphene more suitable for anode electrodes of organic solar cells. Flexible organic solar cells over 15% efficiency with. Replacing indiumtinoxide as the material for electrodes in organic solar cells provides a number of benefits. A challenging issue is the optimization of the electrodes, in order to combine high transparency with adequate electric properties. Non doped and unsorted singlewalled carbon nanotubes as carrierselective, transparent, and conductive electrode for perovskite solar cells volume 8 issue 3 takahiro sakaguchi, il jeon, takaaki chiba, ahmed shawky, rong xiang, shohei chiashi, esko i. Metalelectrodefree windowlike organic solar cells with pdoped carbon nanotube thinfilm electrodes il jeon1, clement delacou2, antti kaskela3, esko i. Graphene electrodes for organic solar cells mit news. Graphene is a promising candidate for the replacement of the typical transparent electrode indium tin oxide in optoelectronic devices. Their photovoltaic performance and mechanical resilience were compared and analyzed using various techniques.
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